Carbon Fiber 测试: Five 加工碳纤维的技巧

The use of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers (CFRP) is growing in many industries. 因此，对……的需求更高 机械测试 and carbon fiber testing of composite materials.

什么是碳纤维测试?

Carbon fiber testing is a set of reinforced polymers, more commonly referred to as carbon fiber. Researchers use various tests to characterize the properties of carbon fiber composites. The testing results are used to aid the manufacturer's decisions in selecting and designing material composites and manufacturing processes for both safety and integrity purposes.

To achieve accurate and repeatable results, precisely machined test specimens are required. 由于材料的性质, carbon fiber testing using composite machining presents machine shops with new challenges compared to machining traditional materials like metals.

射流

射流 cutting is a fast and efficient way to cut carbon fiber composites. One advantage of waterjet cutting is that no special tools are required. It is best to drill a starting hole; otherwise, the waterjet can cause delamination. 当需要严格的公差时, it may be best to waterjet the part oversized and machine it to the final dimensions. 

铣

Machining of carbon fiber composite is generally done with a router; however, 可采用标准的金属加工方法. Machining carbon fiber composite requires higher spindle speeds than metals but lower feed rates. The feed rates need to be adjusted to minimize the heat in the part while machining. 碳纤维具有低导热性, and the majority of the heat remains in the part since there are no chips to help dissipate the heat when machining. This heat from cutting can cause damage to the resin. Since coolant might not be permitted when machining carbon fiber composite, 刀具轨迹, and tool must be used to control the heat in the part while machining. 另外, the fracturing of the fibers creates considerable abrasion on the cutting tool, so special tooling is required when machining carbon fiber composites (see below). 

工具

Carbon fiber is abrasive and will wear down tools quickly. 当工具失去锋利性时, it can catch fibers and pull them from the part instead of cutting them. To avoid this, tool life must be monitored during machining as cut quality will decrease quickly. The best way to do this is to monitor the machining time on the tool and change it before it becomes dull.

There are several types and shapes of cutters for different applications, but they are generally made from two materials: carbide and polycrystalline diamond (PCD). Carbide provides good wear resistance but is more applicable to smaller jobs. PCD cutters offer better wear resistance and are the cutter of choice for several composites machine shops. However, the benefit of PCD cutters does come at a significantly higher cost compared to carbide.

Diamond-coated grinding wheels are also a staple of the well-rounded composite machine shop. 它们允许精确的尺寸控制, 合理的刀具寿命费用比, 有效的热量管理.

钻井

钻井 is a problematic machining procedure on carbon fiber composites. Composite is constructed of layers of material that could easily splinter or delaminate during machining. 钻井 speed must be adjusted based on the size and depth of the hole. Special drill bits designed specifically for carbon fiber help eliminate delamination during drilling. 

灰尘

The dust from machining carbon fiber composites is conductive and can migrate into electronics and shorten them. Hence you must vacuum the dust frequently when machining to avoid causing damage to the machine. 灰尘 can also irritate the skin (similar to working with fiberglass). It is good practice to wear gloves and a dust mask when machining CFRP.

回顾

虽然听起来很复杂, machining carbon fiber composite is not as difficult as it may seem from the first impression. 一旦你理解了基本原理, carbon fiber composite can be machined to the tight tolerances required for material testing without problems.

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